{"id":239,"date":"2025-11-13T12:56:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-13T12:56:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/?p=239"},"modified":"2025-11-13T12:56:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-13T12:56:06","slug":"maillerin-calismamasina-sebep-olan-durumlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/maillerin-calismamasina-sebep-olan-durumlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Maillerin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na Sebep Olan Durumlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>E-posta sistemleri bir hosting hizmetinin en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan biridir.<br \/>\nAncak bazen \u201cMail gelmiyor\u201d, \u201cG\u00f6nderdi\u011fim mail gitmiyor\u201d veya \u201cOutlook ba\u011flant\u0131 hatas\u0131 veriyor\u201d gibi \u015fikayetlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabiliriz.<br \/>\nBu durumun nedeni genellikle basit bir ayar hatas\u0131 olsa da, bazen DNS, port, kimlik do\u011frulama veya spam politikalar\u0131 gibi daha derin teknik problemlerden kaynaklanabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131da, <strong>maillerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na sebep olan en yayg\u0131n durumlar\u0131<\/strong> ve bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l tespit edilip \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlat\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n<h2><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-241 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/mail.webp\" alt=\"Maillerin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131\" width=\"1200\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/mail.webp 1200w, https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/mail-300x120.webp 300w, https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/mail-1024x410.webp 1024w, https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/mail-768x307.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/h2>\n<h2>1. DNS Kay\u0131tlar\u0131ndaki Hatalar<\/h2>\n<p>E-posta trafi\u011finin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011fru DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131 zorunludur.<br \/>\nBir\u00e7ok mail sorununun temelinde hatal\u0131 veya eksik DNS ayarlar\u0131 bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Kontrol Etmen Gereken Temel DNS Kay\u0131tlar\u0131:<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Kay\u0131t T\u00fcr\u00fc<\/th>\n<th>G\u00f6revi<\/th>\n<th>\u00d6rnek<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>MX (Mail Exchange)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Mail y\u00f6nlendirmesini belirler<\/td>\n<td><code>mail.domain.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>A<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>MX kayd\u0131n\u0131n IP\u2019sini tan\u0131mlar<\/td>\n<td><code>mail.domain.com \u2192 192.168.1.1<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>SPF (TXT)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>G\u00f6nderici yetkilendirmesini sa\u011flar<\/td>\n<td><code>v=spf1 a mx ip4:192.168.1.1 ~all<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DKIM (TXT)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Mail imza do\u011frulamas\u0131d\u0131r<\/td>\n<td><code>default._domainkey.domain.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>DMARC (TXT)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Spam politikas\u0131 kontrol\u00fc<\/td>\n<td><code>v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:report@domain.com<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 <strong>MX kayd\u0131<\/strong> eksikse, e-postalar sunucunuza ula\u015fmaz.<br \/>\n\ud83d\udd39 SPF veya DKIM yanl\u0131\u015fsa, mailiniz kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta spam klas\u00f6r\u00fcne d\u00fc\u015fer veya reddedilir.<br \/>\n\ud83d\udd39 DMARC politikas\u0131 \u201creject\u201d olarak ayarlanm\u0131\u015fsa ve DKIM-SPF ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zsa, g\u00f6nderim tamamen engellenebilir.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm: DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/mxtoolbox.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mxtoolbox.com<\/a> veya <a href=\"https:\/\/dnschecker.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">dnschecker.org<\/a> ile kontrol edin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>2. Mail Portlar\u0131n\u0131n Engelli Olmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>SMTP, POP3 ve IMAP portlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k olmamas\u0131 da s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bir nedendir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Protokol<\/th>\n<th>Port<\/th>\n<th>A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>SMTP<\/td>\n<td>25 \/ 465 \/ 587<\/td>\n<td>Mail g\u00f6nderimi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>POP3<\/td>\n<td>110 \/ 995<\/td>\n<td>Mail al\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IMAP<\/td>\n<td>143 \/ 993<\/td>\n<td>Sunucuda mail senkronizasyonu<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\ud83d\udd39 Baz\u0131 ISS\u2019ler (\u00f6zellikle port 25) g\u00f6nderim portlar\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<br \/>\n\ud83d\udd39 Firewall (\u00f6rne\u011fin <strong>CSF<\/strong>, <strong>Imunify360<\/strong>, <strong>Cloudflare Spectrum<\/strong>) portlar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131yor olabilir.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>telnet mail.domain.com 587<\/code> veya <code>openssl s_client -connect mail.domain.com:465<\/code> komutuyla ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 test et.<\/li>\n<li>Engelli port varsa, 465 (SSL) veya 587 (TLS) portuna ge\u00e7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>3. SMTP Kimlik Do\u011frulamas\u0131 (Authentication) Eksikli\u011fi<\/h2>\n<p>Mail istemcilerinde (Outlook, Thunderbird, iPhone Mail) <strong>SMTP Authentication<\/strong> kapal\u0131ysa, sunucu \u201cRelay access denied\u201d veya \u201cAuthentication failed\u201d hatas\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/cpanel-nedir-ne-ise-yarar\/\">cPanel<\/a> \u2192 <strong>Email Accounts \u2192 Connect Devices<\/strong> k\u0131sm\u0131ndan do\u011fru SMTP ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol et.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00f6nderici adresinin kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifresi do\u011fru tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin ol.<\/li>\n<li>E\u011fer mail sunucusu <strong>Exim<\/strong> veya <strong>Postfix<\/strong> kullan\u0131yorsa, <code>smtpd_recipient_restrictions<\/code> ve <code>smtpd_sender_login_maps<\/code> ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frula.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>4. IP Adresinin Kara Listede (Blacklist) Olmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>E\u011fer IP adresin spam listelerine d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fse, mailler kar\u015f\u0131 tarafa ula\u015fmaz.<br \/>\nBu durumda genellikle \u201cRejected by policy\u201d veya \u201c550 spam detected\u201d gibi hata mesajlar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>IP adresini <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spamhaus.org\/lookup\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spamhaus<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.barracudacentral.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Barracuda Central<\/a> sitelerinde kontrol et.<\/li>\n<li>Listede g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, temizleme (delist) talebi g\u00f6nder.<\/li>\n<li>Ayn\u0131 zamanda outgoing spam kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin hacklenmi\u015f e-posta hesab\u0131) CMQ veya Exim loglar\u0131ndan tespit et.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>5. Firewall veya G\u00fcvenlik Eklentisi Engelleri<\/h2>\n<p><strong>CSF Firewall<\/strong>, <strong>cPHulk<\/strong> veya <strong>Imunify360<\/strong> gibi g\u00fcvenlik yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, \u015f\u00fcpheli SMTP ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilir.<br \/>\nBazen e-posta istemcilerinin hatal\u0131 oturum denemeleri sonucu IP bloklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>WHM \u2192 <strong>ConfigServer Security &amp; Firewall \u2192 Search IP<\/strong> k\u0131sm\u0131ndan IP\u2019yi beyaz listeye ekle.<\/li>\n<li>cPanel kullan\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde ise, e-posta hesab\u0131n\u0131 yeniden senkronize et.<\/li>\n<li>Gerekiyorsa <code>csf -r<\/code> komutuyla firewall\u2019u yeniden ba\u015flat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>6. E-Posta Kuyru\u011funun Dolmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucuda \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00f6nderilmemi\u015f mail varsa, sistem yeni g\u00f6nderimleri kuyru\u011fa alamaz.<br \/>\nBu durum genellikle spam sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>WHM \u2192 <strong>ConfigServer Mail Queues (CMQ)<\/strong> eklentisini kullanarak frozen mailleri temizle.<\/li>\n<li>Alternatif olarak SSH \u00fczerinden:\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">exim -bpc         # Kuyruktaki mail say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir\r\nexim -bp | exiqgrep -i | xargs exim -Mrm  # T\u00fcm mailleri siler\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>7. SSL Sertifikas\u0131 veya Hostname Sorunlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>SSL sertifikas\u0131 ge\u00e7ersizse, e-posta istemcileri g\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 keser.<br \/>\nHostname do\u011fru ayarlanmam\u0131\u015fsa, \u201cCertificate name mismatch\u201d hatas\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>WHM \u2192 <strong>Manage Service SSL Certificates<\/strong> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u201cMail Server (Dovecot\/Exim)\u201d i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli SSL y\u00fckle.<\/li>\n<li>Hostname DNS kayd\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru IP\u2019ye y\u00f6nlendi\u011finden emin ol.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2><strong>Maillerin \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na Sebep Olan Durumlar &#8211; <\/strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>E-posta sistemleri, DNS yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenli\u011fe kadar bir\u00e7ok bile\u015fenin uyum i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir.<br \/>\nMaillerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na sebep olan durumlar\u0131 tespit ederken her zaman <strong>DNS<\/strong>, <strong>port<\/strong>, <strong>kimlik do\u011frulama<\/strong> ve <strong>g\u00fcvenlik loglar\u0131<\/strong> ile i\u015fe ba\u015fla.<br \/>\nDo\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f SPF\/DKIM kay\u0131tlar\u0131, g\u00fcvenilir IP adresi ve aktif SSL sertifikas\u0131, e-posta teslimat\u0131n\u0131 sorunsuz hale getirir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>E-posta sistemleri bir hosting hizmetinin en \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan biridir. Ancak bazen \u201cMail gelmiyor\u201d, \u201cG\u00f6nderdi\u011fim mail gitmiyor\u201d veya \u201cOutlook ba\u011flant\u0131 hatas\u0131 veriyor\u201d gibi \u015fikayetlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabiliriz. Bu durumun nedeni genellikle basit bir ayar hatas\u0131 olsa da, bazen DNS, port, kimlik do\u011frulama veya spam politikalar\u0131 gibi daha derin teknik problemlerden kaynaklanabilir. Bu yaz\u0131da, maillerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na sebep olan en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=239"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":242,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239\/revisions\/242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=239"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=239"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=239"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}