{"id":258,"date":"2025-11-16T14:04:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-16T14:04:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/?p=258"},"modified":"2025-11-16T14:09:42","modified_gmt":"2025-11-16T14:09:42","slug":"linux-swap-alani-ekleme-adim-adim-swap-olusturma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/linux-swap-alani-ekleme-adim-adim-swap-olusturma\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux Swap Alan\u0131 Ekleme | Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Swap Olu\u015fturma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux i\u015fletim sistemlerinde <strong>swap alan\u0131<\/strong>, RAM yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistemin ge\u00e7ici olarak disk alan\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fendir. Swap sayesinde bellek ta\u015fmalar\u0131 engellenir, yo\u011fun y\u00fcklerde sistem stabil kal\u0131r ve uygulamalar \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder.<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer sunucunuzda \u201cRAM yetersiz\u201d hatalar\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z veya i\u015flemci y\u00fckleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda sistemin a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark ediyorsan\u0131z, swap alan\u0131 ekleme i\u015flemi kritik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu rehberde <strong>Linux swap alan\u0131 ekleme, swap dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturma, etkinle\u015ftirme ve ayarlama<\/strong> gibi t\u00fcm i\u015flemleri ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h1><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-262 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/swap.webp\" alt=\"Linux Swap Alan\u0131 Ekleme\" width=\"600\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/swap.webp 600w, https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/swap-300x156.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/h1>\n<h1><\/h1>\n<h1><strong>Mevcut Swap Alan\u0131n\u0131 Kontrol Etme<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap eklemeden \u00f6nce mevcut durumu kontrol etmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Swap kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">free -h\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u00d6rnek \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131:<\/p>\n<pre><code>Swap:         0B          0B          0B\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u201c0B\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsan\u0131z sistemde hi\u00e7 swap yok demektir.<\/p>\n<h3>Detayl\u0131 swap bilgisi:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">swapon --show\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1><strong>Swap Dosyas\u0131 Olu\u015fturma<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap alan\u0131 eklemenin en kolay ve en g\u00fcvenli y\u00f6ntemi swap DOSYASI olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r.<br \/>\nDisk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturmak gerekmez.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek 2 GB swap alan\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n<h3>2 GB dosya olu\u015ftur:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo fallocate -l 2G \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Dosyan\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funu do\u011frula:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ls -lh \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>E\u011fer sisteminiz fallocate desteklemiyorsa \u015fu komutu kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/swapfile bs=1M count=2048\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1><strong>Swap Dosyas\u0131na \u0130zin Verme<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap dosyas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle do\u011fru izinlere sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo chmod 600 \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1><strong>Swap Alan\u0131 Olarak Bi\u00e7imlendirme<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz dosyay\u0131 swap format\u0131na \u00e7evirelim:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo mkswap \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1><strong>Swap Alan\u0131n\u0131 Etkinle\u015ftirme<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap alan\u0131n\u0131 sisteme hemen eklemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo swapon \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo swapon --show\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>veya<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">free -h\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da art\u0131k swap alan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeli.<\/p>\n<h1><strong>Swap\u2019\u0131n Kal\u0131c\u0131 Hale Getirilmesi<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Sistem yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda swap otomatik y\u00fcklenmez.<br \/>\nBunu kal\u0131c\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in <strong>\/etc\/fstab<\/strong> dosyas\u0131na ekleme yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dosyay\u0131 a\u00e7:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo nano \/etc\/fstab\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>En alta \u015fu sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\/swapfile   swap    swap    defaults    0   0\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Kaydedip \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n (CTRL + X \u2192 Y \u2192 ENTER).<\/p>\n<p>Art\u0131k her reboot sonras\u0131 swap otomatik a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h1><strong>Swappiness De\u011ferini Ayarlama<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swappiness, Linux\u2019un RAM yerine swap kullan\u0131m tercih oran\u0131n\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n<p>Mevcut de\u011feri g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">cat \/proc\/sys\/vm\/swappiness\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Varsay\u0131lan de\u011fer genelde <strong>60<\/strong>\u2019t\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Sunucular i\u00e7in \u00f6neri:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>SSD disk: 10\u201320<\/li>\n<li>HDD disk: 30\u201360<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00fcksek RAM: 1\u201310<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>De\u011feri ge\u00e7ici de\u011fi\u015ftirme:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=10\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Kal\u0131c\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo nano \/etc\/sysctl.conf\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u015eu sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n<pre><code>vm.swappiness=10\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Kaydedin.<\/p>\n<h1><strong>Swap Alan\u0131n\u0131 Silme veya Kald\u0131rma (\u0130stenirse)<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap art\u0131k gerekmiyorsa devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3>Swap\u2019\u0131 kapat:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo swapoff \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>fstab i\u00e7inden sat\u0131r\u0131 sil:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo nano \/etc\/fstab\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Dosyay\u0131 sil:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo rm \/swapfile\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h1><strong>Swap Alan\u0131 Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>Swap alan\u0131 \u015fu durumlarda hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>\u2714 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck RAM\u2019li VPS\u2019lerde<br \/>\n\u2714 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mysql.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MySQL<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.java.com\/tr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Java<\/a>, Elasticsearch gibi RAM yo\u011fun uygulamalarda<br \/>\n\u2714 Ani bellek kullan\u0131m art\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda<br \/>\n\u2714 Kernel OOM (out of memory) hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemede<br \/>\n\u2714 Sunucunun \u00e7\u00f6kmesini engellemede<\/p>\n<p>Swap RAM\u2019in yerini tam olarak tutmasa da sistemin stabil kalmas\u0131na ciddi katk\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Linux Swap Alan\u0131 Ekleme &#8211; Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u00fczerinde swap alan\u0131 olu\u015fturmak son derece kolayd\u0131r.<br \/>\nBu rehberde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>swap dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturmay\u0131<\/li>\n<li>etkin hale getirmeyi<\/li>\n<li>kal\u0131c\u0131 yapmay\u0131<\/li>\n<li>swappiness ayarlamay\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6\u011frendiniz.<br \/>\n\u00d6zellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynakl\u0131 sunucularda swap eklemek performans\u0131 ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux i\u015fletim sistemlerinde swap alan\u0131, RAM yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistemin ge\u00e7ici olarak disk alan\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fendir. Swap sayesinde bellek ta\u015fmalar\u0131 engellenir, yo\u011fun y\u00fcklerde sistem stabil kal\u0131r ve uygulamalar \u00e7\u00f6kmeden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder. E\u011fer sunucunuzda \u201cRAM yetersiz\u201d hatalar\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z veya i\u015flemci y\u00fckleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda sistemin a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark ediyorsan\u0131z, swap alan\u0131 ekleme i\u015flemi kritik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":264,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258\/revisions\/264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=258"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adveyer.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=258"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}